A complete, uninterrupted path for electrons to flow is described by which term?

• A. Closed circuit
• B. Open circuit
• C. Short circuit
• D. Ground

Answer: (A)

A continuous loop for electrons to flow is a closed circuit. When a power source, conductors, and load form an unbroken path back to the source, current can move freely. If there’s any break—like a switch open or a disconnect—the loop isn’t complete and current stops, which is an open circuit. A short circuit is when current bypasses the intended load through an unintended, low-resistance path, causing excessive current and potential damage, not a proper complete path. Ground is a reference point (and can serve as a return path in some designs), but by itself it doesn’t describe a complete path for current. So the term describing a complete uninterrupted path for electrons to flow is closed circuit.